If you are a young adult on the autism spectrum, you have likely heard about the term “Executive Function”. But what does that really mean, and what is the significance? Let’s break it down.
What is Executive Function?
Executive function refers to a set of mental skills that helps you manage daily life. Think of it as your brain’s control centre. These skills include:
- prioritisingPlanning and prioritizing
- Starting and completing tasks
- Managing time
- OrganisingOrganizing thoughts and materials
- Remembering important information
- Controlling impulses
- Adapting to change
- Problem-solving
Why is Executive Function Important?
Strong executive function skills are crucial for independence and success in adulthood. They help you:
- Stay on top of schoolwork or job responsibilities.
- Manage your living space.
- Handle finances.
- Maintain relationships.
- Navigate daily life smoothly.
Many individuals with autism face challenges with executive function. This doesn’t mean you can’t develop these skills – it just might take extra effort and support.
What does Executive Function depend on?
It depends on mainly 3 brain functions:
- Mental Flexibility
- Self-Control
- Working Memory
Mental Flexibility:
The ability to focus, sustain or shift attention in response to different demands instead of being distracted and drawn to others.
Self-Control:
The ability to resist emotions such as frustration, anger, depression and anxiety.
Working Memory:
The ability to retain & use distinct pieces of info over a short period instead of forgetting what he/she was told before.
Strategies to Improve Executive Function
- Use visual aids: Calendars, to-do lists, and reminders can help with planning and organization.
- Break tasks into smaller steps: This makes big projects feel less overwhelming.
- Create routines: Consistent daily routines can reduce stress and improve time management.
- Practice mindfulness: Meditation and mindfulness exercises can help focus and impulse control.
- Seek support: Work with a therapist, coach, or mentor who understands autism and executive function.
Bear in mind that we all process things differently with our brains. It is okay to need extra help in certain areas if you have trouble with executive function. Put in the work to understand these skills and set yourself up for a future as an adult who can think on your own.
To recap, here is a diagram summarising what we have learned about Executive Function.
